EXPLAINING, PERSUADING, REBUTTING & DEBATING

 

EXPLAINING

Exposition
Difficulties in Exposition
Clear Understanding
Command of Language
Methods of Explaining
Division
Partition
Definition
Logical Definition
Amplified Definition
Particulars of a General Statement
Examples
Comparison
Contrast
Cause to Effect
Effect to Cause
Time Order
Time Order Reversed
Place
Combination of Methods

PERSUADING

What Argumentation really is?
Use of Argumentation
Conviction
The Proposition
Kinds of Proposition
Propositions of Fact
Propositions of Policy
Wording the Proposition
Burden of Proof
Evidence
Direct Evidence
Circumstantial Evidence
Two General Methods of Reasoning;
a) Inductive Reasoning
Hasty Generalization
b) Deductive Reasoning
Methods of Proof
Explanation
Authority
Examples
Analogy
Residues
Cause to Effect
Effect to Cause
Persuasion
Response producing Persuasion
Elements of Persuasion

REFUTING

Answering the Other Side
Needs & Values of Refutation
Contradiction is not Refutation
Three Phrases of Refutation
Analysis of Opposing side for Accuracy
Begging the Situation
Ignoring the Question
Appealing to Prejudice/Passions
The Fallacy of Tradition
Attacking a Speaker's character/ Principles
Fallacies of causal relationship
Methods of Refuting
Courteous Correction
Refuting Incorrect Analogy
Reducing Proof to Absurdity
Amplifying & Diminishing
Position of Refutation in Speech
Constructive Argument, more valuable than refutation

DEBATING

The Idea of Debating
Value of a debate
Debate in Actual Life
Debating demands a decision
Persons involved in a debate;
The Presiding Officer
The Debaters
The Audience
The Judges
Scholastic Debating. Choosing a Proposition
Time Limits
Rebuttal Speeches
Preparation
Finding the Issues
Team Work
Manipulating Material
The First Affirmative Speaker
The First Negative Speaker
The Second Affirmative & Second Negative Speakers
The Concluding Affirmative Speaker
The Concluding Negative Speaker
Restrictions in rebuttal
Manner in debating